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ASTM A356 Grade 8 vs. AISI 420 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 8 and AISI 420 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 8 and the bottom bar is AISI 420 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
8.0 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 270
220 to 670
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 630
690 to 1720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 390
380 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
620
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 38
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
7.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 26
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 55
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 4.7
14
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
88 to 130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 390
380 to 4410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
25 to 62
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
22 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10
7.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
25 to 62

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0.15 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.5
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 95.4 to 97.4
82.3 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.9
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.75
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.6
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.15
0