ASTM A356 Grade 8 vs. EN 1.4421 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A356 grade 8 and EN 1.4421 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 8 and the bottom bar is EN 1.4421 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 270 | |
| 380 to 520 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 630 | |
| 880 to 1100 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 390 | |
| 620 to 950 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 440 | |
| 870 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 38 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.5 | |
| 2.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.6 | |
| 2.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.5 | |
| 12 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 2.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 26 | |
| 36 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 55 | |
| 130 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 4.7 | |
| 18 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 | |
| 120 to 140 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 390 | |
| 960 to 2270 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 22 | |
| 31 to 39 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 | |
| 26 to 30 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 10 | |
| 4.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 18 | |
| 31 to 39 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.060 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | |
| 15.5 to 17.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.4 to 97.4 | |
| 74.4 to 80.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.2 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 4.0 to 5.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.050 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |