ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. ASTM Grade LC2-1 Steel
Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and ASTM grade LC2-1 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is ASTM grade LC2-1 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 | |
| 240 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 310 | |
| 430 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 50 | |
| 34 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 | |
| 810 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 460 | |
| 630 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 260 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 440 | |
| 450 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.5 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.6 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.6 | |
| 5.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.4 | |
| 1.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 33 | |
| 25 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 56 | |
| 60 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 4.7 | |
| 3.1 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 | |
| 150 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 570 | |
| 1040 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 | |
| 29 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 25 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 24 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 to 0.22 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | |
| 1.4 to 1.9 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.2 to 97.2 | |
| 92.5 to 95.3 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.9 | |
| 0.55 to 0.75 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.2 | |
| 0.3 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.045 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.2 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |