ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. EN 1.4104 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and EN 1.4104 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 84% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is EN 1.4104 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 17 | |
| 11 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 310 | |
| 230 to 310 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 | |
| 630 to 750 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 460 | |
| 350 to 560 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 440 | |
| 860 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1390 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 25 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.5 | |
| 2.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.6 | |
| 2.9 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.6 | |
| 8.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.4 | |
| 2.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 33 | |
| 30 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 56 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 4.7 | |
| 18 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 100 | |
| 77 to 120 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 570 | |
| 310 to 800 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 | |
| 23 to 27 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 21 to 24 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 6.7 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 22 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0.1 to 0.17 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | |
| 15.5 to 17.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.2 to 97.2 | |
| 78.8 to 84.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.2 | |
| 0.2 to 0.6 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.2 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |