ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. SAE-AISI M4 Steel
Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and SAE-AISI M4 steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 76 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 670 | |
| 770 to 2150 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 260 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1610 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1560 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 440 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 25 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.6 | |
| 25 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.4 | |
| 14 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 33 | |
| 210 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 56 | |
| 110 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 4.7 | |
| 30 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 24 | |
| 26 to 72 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 22 | |
| 23 to 45 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 6.9 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 24 to 68 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 1.3 to 1.4 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.0 to 1.5 | |
| 3.8 to 4.8 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.2 to 97.2 | |
| 75.9 to 81.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.5 to 0.9 | |
| 0.15 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.2 | |
| 4.3 to 5.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.035 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0.2 to 0.45 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tungsten (W), % | 0 | |
| 5.3 to 6.5 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.2 to 0.35 | |
| 3.8 to 4.5 |