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ASTM A372 Grade B Steel vs. ASTM A414 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade B steel and ASTM A414 steel are iron alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade B steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A414 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180
110 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
15 to 26
Fatigue Strength, MPa 240
140 to 260
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 380
230 to 370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600
360 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 350
190 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
49 to 50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.2 to 7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.3 to 8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5 to 1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 18
20 to 22
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
69 to 130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 330
100 to 330
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
13 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
14 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
11 to 17