ASTM A372 Grade C Steel vs. AWS E209

Both ASTM A372 grade C steel and AWS E209 are iron alloys. They have 59% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel and the bottom bar is AWS E209.

ASTM A372 Grade C Carbon Steel AWS E209 (W32210) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Elongation at Break, %		17
Elongation at Break, %		17

Poisson's Ratio		0.29
Poisson's Ratio		0.28

Shear Modulus, GPa		73
Shear Modulus, GPa		79

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		710
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		250
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1460
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1420

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1370

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		480

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		12
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		1.8
Base Metal Price, % relative		21

Density, g/cm³		7.8
Density, g/cm³		7.8

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		1.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		4.4

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		19
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		63

Embodied Water, L/kg		46
Embodied Water, L/kg		180

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		14

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		25

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		28

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		24

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.48
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.060

Chromium (Cr), %		0
Chromium (Cr), %		20.5 to 24

Copper (Cu), %		0
Copper (Cu), %		0 to 0.75

Iron (Fe), %		97.5 to 99.85
Iron (Fe), %		51.5 to 64.3

Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 1.7
Manganese (Mn), %		4.0 to 7.0

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		1.5 to 3.0

Nickel (Ni), %		0
Nickel (Ni), %		9.5 to 12

Nitrogen (N), %		0
Nitrogen (N), %		0.1 to 0.3

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.015
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0.15 to 0.35
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 1.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.010
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030

Vanadium (V), %		0
Vanadium (V), %		0.1 to 0.3