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ASTM A372 Grade C Steel vs. Grade 24 Titanium

ASTM A372 grade C steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 24 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel and the bottom bar is grade 24 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Elongation at Break, % 17
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
550
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
40
Shear Strength, MPa 440
610
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
1010
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430
940

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
340
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
560
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
7.1
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
9.6

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
2.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
4.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
43
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
710
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500
4160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
35
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
63
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
72

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
5.5 to 6.8
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.48
0 to 0.080
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99.85
0 to 0.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.7
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.050
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.2
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
87.5 to 91
Vanadium (V), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4