ASTM A372 Grade E Steel vs. AISI 321 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A372 grade E steel and AISI 321 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel and the bottom bar is AISI 321 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 200 to 280 | |
| 170 to 210 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 20 to 22 | |
| 34 to 50 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 310 to 380 | |
| 220 to 270 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 77 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 410 to 570 | |
| 420 to 460 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 650 to 910 | |
| 590 to 690 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 430 to 550 | |
| 220 to 350 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 420 | |
| 870 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1430 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 16 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 17 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.4 | |
| 16 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 | |
| 3.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 | |
| 45 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 140 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 130 to 160 | |
| 190 to 230 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 500 to 810 | |
| 130 to 310 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 23 to 32 | |
| 21 to 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 21 to 27 | |
| 20 to 22 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 4.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 to 27 | |
| 13 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.25 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.3 | |
| 65.3 to 74 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.9 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 9.0 to 12 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.045 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.7 |