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ASTM A372 Grade E Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade E steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade E steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.25 to 0.35
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.3
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.9
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.012
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1