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ASTM A372 Grade F Steel vs. 511.0 Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade F steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 511.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade F steel and the bottom bar is 511.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200 to 280
50
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 20 to 22
3.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310 to 380
55
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Shear Strength, MPa 410 to 570
120
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 650 to 910
150
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430 to 550
83

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
140
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
36
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130 to 160
3.7
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500 to 810
51
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 32
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 27
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
59
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 27
6.5

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93.3 to 96.2
Carbon (C), % 0.3 to 0.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 97.9
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.15 to 0.25
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.3 to 0.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15