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ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. 6070 Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade K steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 6070 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is 6070 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 23
5.6 to 8.6
Fatigue Strength, MPa 440
95 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 490
220 to 240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
370 to 380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 620
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
570
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 48
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.8
41
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.9
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.4
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 57
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
20 to 32
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1010
880 to 900
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
42 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
65
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23
16 to 17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
94.6 to 98
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.18
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.8
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Iron (Fe), % 93.4 to 96.6
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.5 to 1.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.1 to 0.4
0.4 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 2.0 to 3.3
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
1.0 to 1.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15