ASTM A372 Grade K Steel vs. AISI 440C Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A372 grade K steel and AISI 440C stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade K steel and the bottom bar is AISI 440C stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 23 | |
| 2.0 to 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 440 | |
| 260 to 840 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 490 | |
| 430 to 1120 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 780 | |
| 710 to 1970 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 620 | |
| 450 to 1900 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 440 | |
| 870 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1480 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 48 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.8 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.9 | |
| 2.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 4.4 | |
| 9.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.8 | |
| 2.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 24 | |
| 31 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 57 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 2.7 | |
| 18 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 160 | |
| 39 to 88 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 27 | |
| 26 to 71 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 23 to 46 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 6.0 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 23 | |
| 26 to 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.18 | |
| 1.0 to 1.2 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.0 to 1.8 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 93.4 to 96.6 | |
| 78 to 83.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.1 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 2.0 to 3.3 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |