ASTM A372 Grade L Steel vs. 7020 Aluminum
ASTM A372 grade L steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7020 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel and the bottom bar is 7020 aluminum.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 350 | |
| 45 to 100 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 70 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 8.4 to 14 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 670 | |
| 110 to 130 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 26 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 700 | |
| 110 to 230 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1160 | |
| 190 to 390 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 1040 | |
| 120 to 310 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 380 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 210 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 650 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 610 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 880 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 150 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 23 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.5 | |
| 39 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.6 | |
| 120 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 3.5 | |
| 9.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 2.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.7 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 22 | |
| 150 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 54 | |
| 1150 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 150 | |
| 23 to 46 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2890 | |
| 110 to 690 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 47 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 41 | |
| 18 to 37 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 31 | |
| 25 to 41 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 59 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 34 | |
| 8.3 to 17 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 91.2 to 94.8 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.38 to 0.43 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.7 to 0.9 | |
| 0.1 to 0.35 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 95.2 to 96.3 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 0 | |
| 1.0 to 1.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.6 to 0.8 | |
| 0.050 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.2 to 0.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 4.0 to 5.0 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0.080 to 0.25 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |