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ASTM A372 Grade L Steel vs. EN AC-48000 Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade L steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-48000 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-48000 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 350
100 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
73
Elongation at Break, % 14
1.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 670
85 to 86
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1160
220 to 310
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1040
210 to 270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
570
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
33
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.5
10
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
7.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 54
1030

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 150
2.2 to 3.0
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2890
300 to 510
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
23 to 33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
31 to 39
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
54
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 34
10 to 15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
80.4 to 87.2
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.8 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 96.3
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.8 to 1.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0 to 0.35
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0.7 to 1.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
10.5 to 13.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.35
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15