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ASTM A372 Grade L Steel vs. Grade 20 Titanium

ASTM A372 grade L steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 20 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade L steel and the bottom bar is grade 20 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 14
5.7 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 670
550 to 630
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
47
Shear Strength, MPa 700
560 to 740
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1160
900 to 1270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1040
850 to 1190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
370
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1660
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1600
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
520
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density, g/cm3 7.8
5.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.7
52
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 22
860
Embodied Water, L/kg 54
350

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 150
71 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 2890
2940 to 5760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
33
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 41
50 to 70
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31
41 to 52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 34
55 to 77

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Carbon (C), % 0.38 to 0.43
0 to 0.050
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
5.5 to 6.5
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.020
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 96.3
0 to 0.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 0.8
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.2 to 0.3
3.5 to 4.5
Nickel (Ni), % 1.7 to 2.0
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.12
Palladium (Pd), % 0
0.040 to 0.080
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
71 to 77
Vanadium (V), % 0
7.5 to 8.5
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4