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ASTM A372 Grade M Steel vs. 355.0 Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 355.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel and the bottom bar is 355.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240 to 280
72 to 83
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
1.5 to 2.6
Fatigue Strength, MPa 450 to 520
55 to 70
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 510 to 570
150 to 240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810 to 910
200 to 260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 660 to 770
150 to 190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
470
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 450
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
150 to 170
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.0
38 to 43
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
120 to 140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 5.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 61
1120

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
2.7 to 5.9
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1140 to 1580
150 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29 to 32
20 to 27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
28 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
60 to 69
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 27
9.1 to 12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.3 to 94.1
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.23
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.5 to 2.0
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 92.5 to 95.1
0 to 0.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.4 to 0.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.4
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 2.8 to 3.9
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
4.5 to 5.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.080
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.35
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15

Comparable Variants