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ASTM A372 Grade M Steel vs. 4007 Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4007 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel and the bottom bar is 4007 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240 to 280
32 to 44
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
5.1 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 450 to 520
46 to 88
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 510 to 570
80 to 90
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810 to 910
130 to 160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 660 to 770
50 to 120

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 450
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
890
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
170
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.0
42
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 5.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 61
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
7.4 to 23
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1140 to 1580
18 to 110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
49
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29 to 32
12 to 15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
20 to 23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
67
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 27
5.5 to 6.7

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
94.1 to 97.6
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.23
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.5 to 2.0
0.050 to 0.25
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 92.5 to 95.1
0.4 to 1.0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.8 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 2.8 to 3.9
0.15 to 0.7
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
1.0 to 1.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.080
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15

Comparable Variants