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ASTM A372 Grade M Steel vs. A535.0 Aluminum

ASTM A372 grade M steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A535.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel and the bottom bar is A535.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
67
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
9.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 450 to 520
95
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
25
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810 to 910
250
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 660 to 770
120

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 450
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
910
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 46
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.0
23
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 9.1
79

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 5.0
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
9.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 61
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 160
19
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1140 to 1580
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29 to 32
26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 27
33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 24 to 27
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
91.4 to 93.4
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.23
0
Chromium (Cr), % 1.5 to 2.0
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 92.5 to 95.1
0 to 0.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
6.5 to 7.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.4
0.1 to 0.25
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Nickel (Ni), % 2.8 to 3.9
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.25
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.080
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15