ASTM A372 Grade M Steel vs. EN 1.4123 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A372 grade M steel and EN 1.4123 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 84% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4123 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 240 to 280 | |
| 220 to 250 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 77 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 810 to 910 | |
| 720 to 810 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 450 | |
| 840 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1450 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 46 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 8.0 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 9.1 | |
| 2.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 5.0 | |
| 10 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.0 | |
| 4.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 27 | |
| 62 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 61 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 3.4 | |
| 24 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 29 to 32 | |
| 26 to 29 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 24 to 27 | |
| 23 to 25 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 6.3 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 24 to 27 | |
| 26 to 29 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.23 | |
| 0.35 to 0.5 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 1.5 to 2.0 | |
| 14 to 16.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 92.5 to 95.1 | |
| 76.7 to 84.6 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.2 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.4 to 0.6 | |
| 1.0 to 2.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 2.8 to 3.9 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0.1 to 0.3 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.3 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.010 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 to 0.080 | |
| 0 to 1.5 |