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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. 4343 Aluminum

ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 4343 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is 4343 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
71
Elongation at Break, % 25
4.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 230
45
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 330
64
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
110
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
62

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
510
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
620
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
180
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
22

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
44
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
150

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
7.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 110
4.1
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 250
27
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
12
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
77
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
5.2

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.3 to 93.2
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
0 to 0.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0 to 0.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
6.8 to 8.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15