ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. ASTM B477 Au-Ni-Ag
ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while ASTM B477 Au-Ni-Ag belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (14, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM B477 Au-Ni-Ag.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 95 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 5.5 to 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.41 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 34 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 300 to 330 | |
| 190 to 320 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 to 520 | |
| 310 to 550 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 80 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1010 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 930 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 160 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 15 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 14 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 7.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 17 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 3.1 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 8.9 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 to 18 | |
| 5.0 to 9.0 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 6.0 to 8.8 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 16 to 28 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.17 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Gold (Au), % | 0 | |
| 74.2 to 75.8 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.2 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.65 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.45 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 2.6 to 3.4 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |
| Silver (Ag), % | 0 | |
| 21.4 to 22.6 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |