ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. AWS E120C-K4
Both ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and AWS E120C-K4 are iron alloys. They have a very high 97% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is AWS E120C-K4.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 17 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 to 520 | |
| 950 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 840 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 41 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 9.2 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.8 | |
| 3.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 1.7 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 23 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 54 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 98 to 110 | |
| 160 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 250 | |
| 1880 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 to 18 | |
| 34 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 28 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.17 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 0.15 to 0.65 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.2 | |
| 92.1 to 98.4 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.65 | |
| 0.75 to 2.3 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.45 to 0.6 | |
| 0.25 to 0.65 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 2.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.8 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |