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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. EN AC-44300 Aluminum

ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN AC-44300 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is EN AC-44300 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 160
68
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
72
Elongation at Break, % 25
1.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190 to 230
100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
270
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 310
150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
570
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
590
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
33
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
7.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
1050

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 110
2.6
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180 to 250
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
16
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
55
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
58
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
84.3 to 89.5
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
0 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0 to 0.55
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
10.5 to 13.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.15
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.25