ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. Nickel 690
ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 690.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 140 to 160 | |
| 90 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 3.4 to 34 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 190 to 230 | |
| 180 to 300 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 79 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 300 to 330 | |
| 420 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 to 520 | |
| 640 to 990 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 250 to 760 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 1010 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 44 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 1.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 1.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.8 | |
| 50 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 120 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 290 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 98 to 110 | |
| 31 to 170 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 to 250 | |
| 160 to 1440 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 to 18 | |
| 21 to 33 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 20 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 12 | |
| 3.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 16 to 25 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.17 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 27 to 31 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.2 | |
| 7.0 to 11 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.65 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.45 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 58 to 66 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |