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ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. C23400 Brass

ASTM A387 grade 12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C23400 brass belongs to the copper alloys. There are 22 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is C23400 brass.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
42
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470 to 520
370 to 640

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
190
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
970
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
930
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 44
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
19

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
27
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
320

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 18
12 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 18
13 to 19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
36
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 15
12 to 22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.17
0
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.2
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
81 to 84
Iron (Fe), % 97 to 98.2
0 to 0.050
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.65
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.6
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
15.7 to 19
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2