ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel vs. S45500 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and S45500 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 77% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel and the bottom bar is S45500 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 140 to 160 | |
| 280 to 500 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 25 | |
| 3.4 to 11 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 190 to 230 | |
| 570 to 890 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 75 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 300 to 330 | |
| 790 to 1090 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 470 to 520 | |
| 1370 to 1850 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 1240 to 1700 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 270 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 430 | |
| 760 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1440 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1400 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 11 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.8 | |
| 17 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.6 | |
| 3.8 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 21 | |
| 57 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 51 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 2.7 | |
| 13 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 98 to 110 | |
| 45 to 190 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 16 to 18 | |
| 48 to 65 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 17 to 18 | |
| 35 to 42 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 48 to 64 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.17 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0.8 to 1.2 | |
| 11 to 12.5 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 1.5 to 2.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97 to 98.2 | |
| 71.5 to 79.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.65 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.45 to 0.6 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 7.5 to 9.5 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.4 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Tantalum (Ta), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.5 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0.8 to 1.4 |