ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. EN 1.7233 Steel
Both ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and EN 1.7233 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.7233 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 to 180 | |
| 210 to 290 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 | |
| 18 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 160 to 250 | |
| 270 to 530 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 310 to 370 | |
| 450 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 to 590 | |
| 700 to 960 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 350 | |
| 380 to 780 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 480 | |
| 430 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 41 | |
| 39 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.6 | |
| 7.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.8 | |
| 8.5 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 4.1 | |
| 3.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.8 | |
| 1.6 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 23 | |
| 21 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 62 | |
| 53 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 6.4 | |
| 3.3 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 84 to 110 | |
| 110 to 200 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 140 to 320 | |
| 380 to 1630 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 to 21 | |
| 25 to 34 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 20 | |
| 22 to 28 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 11 | |
| 11 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 17 | |
| 21 to 28 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.15 | |
| 0.39 to 0.45 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 2.8 to 3.3 | |
| 1.2 to 1.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 94.4 to 96 | |
| 96.2 to 97.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 0.6 | |
| 0.4 to 0.7 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.1 | |
| 0.5 to 0.7 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.025 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 to 0.035 |