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ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. C95820 Bronze

ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C95820 bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is C95820 bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
120
Elongation at Break, % 21
15
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 74
44
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500 to 590
730
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
230
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 480
230
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1080
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1020
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.6
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.8
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 4.1
29
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 23
56
Embodied Water, L/kg 62
380

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84 to 110
86
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 320
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
8.0
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
20
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 21
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 20
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 17
25

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
9.0 to 10
Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0
Chromium (Cr), % 2.8 to 3.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
77.5 to 82.5
Iron (Fe), % 94.4 to 96
4.0 to 5.0
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.1
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.5 to 5.8
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.025
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0 to 0.020
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.8