ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel vs. C99750 Brass
ASTM A387 grade 21 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C99750 brass belongs to the copper alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel and the bottom bar is C99750 brass.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 150 to 180 | |
| 110 to 120 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 130 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 21 | |
| 20 to 30 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 74 | |
| 48 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 500 to 590 | |
| 450 to 520 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 230 to 350 | |
| 220 to 280 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 260 | |
| 200 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 480 | |
| 160 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1470 | |
| 840 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 820 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 410 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 20 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.6 | |
| 2.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.8 | |
| 2.2 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 4.1 | |
| 23 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 8.1 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.8 | |
| 3.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 23 | |
| 51 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 62 | |
| 310 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 84 to 110 | |
| 87 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 140 to 320 | |
| 190 to 300 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 8.6 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 21 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 18 to 21 | |
| 15 to 18 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 to 20 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 14 to 17 | |
| 13 to 15 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0.25 to 3.0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.050 to 0.15 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 2.8 to 3.3 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 55 to 61 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 94.4 to 96 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Lead (Pb), % | 0 | |
| 0.5 to 2.5 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 0.6 | |
| 17 to 23 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.9 to 1.1 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 5.0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 17 to 23 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |