ASTM A414 Steel vs. Nickel 690
ASTM A414 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 690 belongs to the nickel alloys.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A414 steel and the bottom bar is nickel 690.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 110 to 180 | |
| 90 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 15 to 26 | |
| 3.4 to 34 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 140 to 260 | |
| 180 to 300 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 79 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 230 to 370 | |
| 420 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 360 to 590 | |
| 640 to 990 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 190 to 350 | |
| 250 to 760 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 320 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 1010 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1380 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1340 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 49 to 50 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 13 | |
| 14 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 to 7.3 | |
| 1.5 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 to 8.4 | |
| 1.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 2.2 | |
| 50 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 to 7.9 | |
| 8.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.5 to 1.6 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 20 to 22 | |
| 120 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 48 | |
| 290 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 69 to 130 | |
| 31 to 170 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 100 to 330 | |
| 160 to 1440 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 13 to 21 | |
| 21 to 33 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 20 | |
| 20 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 13 | |
| 3.5 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 17 | |
| 16 to 25 |