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ASTM A514 Steel vs. 5059 Aluminum

ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5059 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A514 steel and the bottom bar is 5059 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
11 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 470 to 540
170 to 240
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 490 to 520
220 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 830
350 to 410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 690 to 770
170 to 300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 440
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37 to 51
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.6
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.8
95

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3 to 3.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6 to 1.8
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 25
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 57
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 170
42 to 75
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1280 to 1590
220 to 650
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 29
36 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 25
41 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
44
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 24
16 to 18