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ASTM A514 Steel vs. 5083 Aluminum

ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5083 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A514 steel and the bottom bar is 5083 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 240 to 250
75 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
1.1 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 470 to 540
93 to 190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 490 to 520
170 to 220
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 790 to 830
290 to 390
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 690 to 770
110 to 340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 440
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 37 to 51
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2 to 7.6
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3 to 8.8
96

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3 to 3.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6 to 1.8
8.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21 to 25
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 48 to 57
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 170
4.2 to 42
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1280 to 1590
95 to 860
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28 to 29
29 to 40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24 to 25
36 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
48
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 23 to 24
12 to 17