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ASTM A732 Cast Steel vs. 5086 Aluminum

ASTM A732 cast steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5086 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A732 cast steel and the bottom bar is 5086 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 440
65 to 100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
68
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 25
1.7 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 750
88 to 180
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 72 to 73
26
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 460 to 1470
270 to 390
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310 to 1340
110 to 320

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 430
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440 to 1460
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400 to 1420
590
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470 to 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 50
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1 to 7.7
31
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2 to 8.9
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.0 to 3.8
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4 to 1.7
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19 to 24
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47 to 54
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 45 to 130
5.8 to 42
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260 to 4770
86 to 770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 52
28 to 40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 37
34 to 44
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
52
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 43
12 to 17