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ASTM A732 Cast Steel vs. Grade 21 Titanium

ASTM A732 cast steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A732 cast steel and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
140
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 25
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 750
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 72 to 73
51
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 460 to 1470
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310 to 1340
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250 to 260
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400 to 430
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440 to 1460
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400 to 1420
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470 to 480
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 39 to 50
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.0 to 3.8
60
Density, g/cm3 7.8 to 7.9
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4 to 1.7
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19 to 24
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 47 to 54
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 45 to 130
110 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 260 to 4770
2760 to 5010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 16 to 52
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17 to 37
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 10 to 14
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 43
66 to 100

Comparable Variants