ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AISI 316 Stainless Steel
Both ASTM grade HD steel and AISI 316 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AISI 316 stainless steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.1 | |
| 8.0 to 55 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 140 | |
| 210 to 430 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 78 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 590 | |
| 520 to 1180 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 230 to 850 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 290 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 460 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 1100 | |
| 590 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1400 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1380 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 15 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 16 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.1 | |
| 2.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 2.6 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 17 | |
| 19 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 3.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 53 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 150 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 29 | |
| 26 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 44 | |
| 85 to 260 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 130 to 1820 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 26 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 | |
| 18 to 41 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 18 to 31 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.3 | |
| 4.1 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 11 to 26 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 30 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 58.4 to 70 | |
| 62 to 72 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 to 2.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 4.0 to 7.0 | |
| 10 to 14 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.045 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |