ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AWS BAg-1a
ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AWS BAg-1a belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 17 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (15, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AWS BAg-1a.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 77 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 29 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 590 | |
| 180 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 120 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 630 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 280 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 22 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 9.3 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 48 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 760 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 4.6 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 26 | |
| 15 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 | |
| 5.4 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 7.6 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 7.5 |
Alloy Composition
| Cadmium (Cd), % | 0 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 30 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 0 | |
| 14.5 to 16.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 58.4 to 70 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 4.0 to 7.0 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Silver (Ag), % | 0 | |
| 49 to 51 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 | |
| 14.5 to 18.5 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |