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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AWS E120C-K4

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AWS E120C-K4 are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AWS E120C-K4.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
17
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
950
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
840

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
8.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
9.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
54

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
160
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
1880
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
28

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0.15 to 0.65
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
92.1 to 98.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.75 to 2.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.25 to 0.65
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0.5 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.030
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5