ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AWS E320

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AWS E320 are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AWS E320.

ASTM Grade HD (28Cr-5Ni, J93005) Cast Stainless Steel AWS E320 (W88021) Weld Metal

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Elongation at Break, %		9.1
Elongation at Break, %		34

Poisson's Ratio		0.27
Poisson's Ratio		0.28

Shear Modulus, GPa		80
Shear Modulus, GPa		77

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		590
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1370
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		490
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		460

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		11
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		17
Base Metal Price, % relative		38

Density, g/cm³		7.7
Density, g/cm³		8.2

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.5

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		45
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		91

Embodied Water, L/kg		180
Embodied Water, L/kg		220

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		29
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		28

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		26
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.5
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.070

Chromium (Cr), %		26 to 30
Chromium (Cr), %		19 to 21

Copper (Cu), %		0
Copper (Cu), %		3.0 to 4.0

Iron (Fe), %		58.4 to 70
Iron (Fe), %		31.8 to 43.5

Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 1.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), %		2.0 to 3.0

Nickel (Ni), %		4.0 to 7.0
Nickel (Ni), %		32 to 36

Niobium (Nb), %		0
Niobium (Nb), %		0 to 1.0

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 2.0
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.6

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030