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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AWS ER90S-D2

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AWS ER90S-D2 are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AWS ER90S-D2.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
19
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
47
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
2.6
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
980
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.070 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.5
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
95.2 to 97.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
1.6 to 2.1
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.4 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.5 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.5