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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. EN 2.4680 Cast Nickel

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EN 2.4680 cast nickel belongs to the nickel alloys. They have a modest 35% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is EN 2.4680 cast nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
210
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
120
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.26
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
84
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
260

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
350
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
1050
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1320
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
15

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
60
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
130
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
350

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
45
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
3.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
48 to 52
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
42.9 to 51
Niobium (Nb), % 0
1.0 to 1.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.16
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020