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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. CC494K Bronze

ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while CC494K bronze belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is CC494K bronze.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
100
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
7.6
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.35
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
39
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
210
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
94

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
180
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
970
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
890
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
360
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
63
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
19

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
16
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
16

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
31
Density, g/cm3 7.7
9.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
50
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
13
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
43
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
6.4
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
17
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
6.5
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
8.8
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
19
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
7.8

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.010
Antimony (Sb), % 0
0 to 0.5
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
78 to 87
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
0 to 0.25
Lead (Pb), % 0
8.0 to 10
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0 to 0.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.1
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.010
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.1
Tin (Sn), % 0
4.0 to 6.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 2.0