ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. Grade 250 Maraging Steel
Both ASTM grade HD steel and grade 250 maraging steel are iron alloys. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is grade 250 maraging steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.1 | |
| 7.3 to 17 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.3 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 75 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 590 | |
| 970 to 1800 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 660 to 1740 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 270 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1480 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1430 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 450 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 17 | |
| 32 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 8.2 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 4.9 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 65 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 140 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 29 | |
| 16 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 44 | |
| 130 to 150 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 26 | |
| 23 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 | |
| 33 to 61 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 26 to 40 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 29 to 54 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 0.050 to 0.15 |
| Boron (B), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0030 |
| Calcium (Ca), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 30 | |
| 0 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 7.0 to 8.5 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 58.4 to 70 | |
| 66.3 to 71.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 4.6 to 5.2 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 4.0 to 7.0 | |
| 17 to 19 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.5 |
| Zirconium (Zr), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |