ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. R31537 Cobalt
ASTM grade HD steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while R31537 cobalt belongs to the cobalt alloys. They have a modest 30% of their average alloy composition in common, which, by itself, doesn't mean much. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is R31537 cobalt.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 220 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.1 | |
| 14 to 23 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 140 | |
| 310 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.27 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 80 | |
| 87 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 590 | |
| 1000 to 1340 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 270 | |
| 590 to 940 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 310 | |
| 320 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1360 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1370 | |
| 1290 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 490 | |
| 450 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 13 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.1 | |
| 2.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 2.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 8.4 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.1 | |
| 8.1 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 110 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 530 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 44 | |
| 140 to 200 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 180 | |
| 780 to 1990 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 15 | |
| 15 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 26 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 21 | |
| 33 to 44 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 20 | |
| 26 to 32 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.3 | |
| 3.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 24 to 32 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 to 0.14 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 26 to 30 | |
| 26 to 30 |
| Cobalt (Co), % | 0 | |
| 58.9 to 69 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 58.4 to 70 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.5 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 5.0 to 7.0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 4.0 to 7.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 2.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |