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ASTM Grade HE Steel vs. EQ21A Magnesium

ASTM grade HE steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while EQ21A magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HE steel and the bottom bar is EQ21A magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
80
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
44
Elongation at Break, % 10
2.4
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
17
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
250
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
190

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
340
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
160
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
980
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
27

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
25
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
120

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
80
Density, g/cm3 7.7
1.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.5
27
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 50
210

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 56
5.6
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240
410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
63
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
37
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.6
62
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 53.9 to 65.8
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
93.9 to 96.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 11
0 to 0.010
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Silver (Ag), % 0
1.3 to 1.7
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Unspecified Rare Earths, % 0
1.5 to 3.0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.4 to 1.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3