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ASTM Grade HE Steel vs. C19800 Copper

ASTM grade HE steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C19800 copper belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HE steel and the bottom bar is C19800 copper.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Elongation at Break, % 10
9.0 to 12
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
430 to 550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
420 to 550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
200
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1070
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1050
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
260
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
61
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
62

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
30
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.5
2.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 50
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 190
320

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 56
49 to 52
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 240
770 to 1320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
14 to 17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
14 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.6
75
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
15 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
95.7 to 99.47
Iron (Fe), % 53.9 to 65.8
0.020 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.1 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 11
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0.010 to 0.1
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
0.1 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.3 to 1.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2