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ASTM Grade HH Steel vs. C21000 Brass

ASTM grade HH steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C21000 brass belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HH steel and the bottom bar is C21000 brass.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
110
Elongation at Break, % 11
2.9 to 50
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
43
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
240 to 450
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
69 to 440

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
200
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1070
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1050
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
390
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 14
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
18

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
56
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
57

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
30
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.7
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 53
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
310

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 53
13 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
21 to 830
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.2
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
18
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
7.4 to 14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
9.6 to 15
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.8
69
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
8.1 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.5
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
94 to 96
Iron (Fe), % 52.9 to 64.8
0 to 0.050
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.030
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 11 to 14
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
3.7 to 6.0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.2