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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. 224.0 Aluminum

ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 224.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is 224.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
71
Elongation at Break, % 11
4.0 to 10
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
86 to 120
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
380 to 420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
280 to 330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
220
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
120
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
32
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
95

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
1150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
16 to 35
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
540 to 770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
35 to 38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
38 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
47
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
17 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93 to 95.2
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
4.5 to 5.5
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
0 to 0.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.2 to 0.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.060
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.35
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.15
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.1 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.1