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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. AZ31C Magnesium

ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ31C magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is AZ31C magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
45
Elongation at Break, % 11
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
17
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
260
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
350
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
110
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
19
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
98

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
23
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
970

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
28
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
70
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
53
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
74
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
2.4 to 3.6
Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.1
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
93.4 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.15 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.1
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3