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ASTM Grade HK Steel vs. C72900 Copper-nickel

ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while C72900 copper-nickel belongs to the copper alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HK steel and the bottom bar is C72900 copper-nickel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
120
Elongation at Break, % 11
6.0 to 20
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.34
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
45
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 500
870 to 1080
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
700 to 920

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
210
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1120
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1350
950
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
380
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
29
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.0
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.3
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 25
39
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.4
4.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 63
72
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
360

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 48
49 to 210
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
2030 to 3490
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
7.6
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
19
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
27 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
23 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 3.9
8.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
31 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 28
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
74.1 to 78
Iron (Fe), % 44.8 to 57.8
0 to 0.5
Lead (Pb), % 0
0 to 0.020
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.15
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.3
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 18 to 22
14.5 to 15.5
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Tin (Sn), % 0
7.5 to 8.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.5
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.3